{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:charging-modes",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Charging modes 1–4",
    "properties": {
      "id": "charging-modes",
      "name": "Charging modes 1–4",
      "aka": [
        "IEC 61851",
        "Mode 3",
        "Mode 4"
      ],
      "section": "topic-infrastructure",
      "definition": "The IEC 61851 classes of conductive charging: mode 1 a plain domestic socket, mode 2 a socket with an in-cable control box, mode 3 a dedicated AC charging point with the control pilot, and mode 4 DC charging where the converter is in the station. Most public charging is mode 3 or 4.",
      "related": [
        "slow-charging",
        "control-pilot",
        "sae-j1772",
        "evse",
        "charging-levels",
        "iec-62752"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/charging-modes/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:4499",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4500",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "term:slow-charging",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4501",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "term:control-pilot",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4502",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "term:sae-j1772",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4503",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "term:evse",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4504",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "term:charging-levels",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4505",
      "source": "term:charging-modes",
      "target": "term:iec-62752",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Charging infrastructure",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-infrastructure",
        "name": "Charging infrastructure",
        "lede": "Where and how vehicles are charged: charging strategies, power levels, connectors and the protocols between vehicle and charger.",
        "context": "Separate compatibility from requested average power.",
        "example": "A 100 kW model request does not establish real voltage, current, connector or negotiation compatibility.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:slow-charging",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "AC slow charging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "slow-charging",
        "name": "AC slow charging",
        "aka": [
          "overnight charging",
          "destination charging",
          "Level 2"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "Charging through the vehicle’s onboard charger from an AC socket or wallbox, at a few kilowatts up to 22 kW. It takes hours, keeps the cells cool and gently loaded, and is how most private cars are charged.",
        "related": [
          "onboard-charger",
          "charging-modes",
          "depot-charging",
          "sae-j1772"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/slow-charging/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger",
          "evse"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:control-pilot",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Control pilot",
      "properties": {
        "id": "control-pilot",
        "name": "Control pilot",
        "abbr": "CP",
        "aka": [
          "proximity pilot",
          "PP"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The signal wire in an AC or CCS charging connector: the charger puts a ±12 V square wave on it whose duty cycle tells the vehicle the maximum current, and the vehicle answers by switching resistors. The proximity pilot beside it tells the vehicle a plug is inserted.",
        "related": [
          "sae-j1772",
          "plc-green-phy",
          "ccu",
          "onboard-charger"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/control-pilot/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:sae-j1772",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "SAE J1772 and IEC 62196",
      "properties": {
        "id": "sae-j1772",
        "name": "SAE J1772 and IEC 62196",
        "aka": [
          "Type 1",
          "Type 2",
          "CCS"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The standards that define charging connectors: J1772 Type 1 and the IEC 62196 Type 2 plug for AC, and the Combined Charging System that adds two DC pins below them. Europe mandates Type 2 and CCS2; North America is moving to the NACS connector.",
        "related": [
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "onboard-charger",
          "iso-15118",
          "control-pilot",
          "nacs",
          "chademo"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/sae-j1772/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:evse",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electric vehicle supply equipment",
      "properties": {
        "id": "evse",
        "name": "Electric vehicle supply equipment",
        "abbr": "EVSE",
        "aka": [
          "charging station",
          "charge point",
          "wallbox"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The charging equipment between the grid and the vehicle: an AC wallbox that only switches and protects the supply, or a DC charger that also converts it. It enforces the current limit, ground-fault protection and communication with the vehicle.",
        "related": [
          "charging-modes",
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "control-pilot",
          "ocpp",
          "evcc"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/evse/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:charging-levels",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Charging levels 1–3",
      "properties": {
        "id": "charging-levels",
        "name": "Charging levels 1–3",
        "aka": [
          "Level 1",
          "Level 2",
          "Level 3",
          "SAE charging levels"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The North American shorthand for charging power: Level 1 is a 120 V household outlet, Level 2 a 240 V AC charger up to about 19 kW, and “Level 3” the informal name for DC fast charging. It maps roughly onto the IEC modes used elsewhere.",
        "related": [
          "charging-modes",
          "slow-charging",
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "sae-j1772"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/charging-levels/",
        "mentions": [
          "fast-charging",
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:iec-62752",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "IEC 62752",
      "properties": {
        "id": "iec-62752",
        "name": "IEC 62752",
        "abbr": "IC-CPD",
        "aka": [
          "in-cable control and protection device"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-stationary",
        "definition": "The IEC standard for the in-cable control and protection device of a portable mode 2 charging cable — the box that detects residual current and disconnects the supply, protecting the user when a vehicle is charged from a household socket. The 2024 second edition adds temperature monitoring of the household plug.",
        "related": [
          "charging-modes",
          "evse",
          "control-pilot",
          "onboard-charger"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/iec-62752/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    }
  ]
}