{
"node": {
"id": "term:charging-curve",
"type": "Term",
"label": "Charging curve",
"properties": {
"id": "charging-curve",
"name": "Charging curve",
"section": "topic-infrastructure",
"definition": "The power a vehicle actually accepts against its state of charge during a fast charge: high at low SOC, stepping down as the cells approach voltage and plating limits. The area under it, not the peak kilowatts, decides how long a stop takes.",
"unit": "kW",
"related": [
"dc-fast-charging",
"fast-charging",
"cc-cv-charging",
"derating",
"boost-charging"
],
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/charging-curve/",
"mentions": [
"state-of-charge"
]
}
},
"edges": [
{
"id": "edge:38",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "workflow:cccv",
"type": "usedIn",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "wiki-blocks.json"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3117",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
"type": "belongsTo",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3118",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "term:dc-fast-charging",
"type": "relatedTo",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json",
"meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3119",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "term:fast-charging",
"type": "relatedTo",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json",
"meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3120",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "term:cc-cv-charging",
"type": "relatedTo",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json",
"meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3121",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "term:derating",
"type": "relatedTo",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json",
"meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3122",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "term:boost-charging",
"type": "relatedTo",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json",
"meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:mentions/charging-curve/state-of-charge",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "term:state-of-charge",
"type": "mentions",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "terms.json",
"method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
"field": "definition",
"meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
}
},
{
"id": "edge:3124",
"source": "term:charging-curve",
"target": "visual:charging-cccv",
"type": "illustratedBy",
"properties": {
"sourceFile": "visual-pages.json"
}
}
],
"neighbors": [
{
"id": "workflow:cccv",
"type": "Workflow",
"label": "Build CC–CV charging",
"properties": {
"id": "cccv",
"title": "Build CC–CV charging",
"kind": "studio",
"summary": "Native current and voltage regulation act against an explicit battery.",
"steps": [
"Open home charging and inspect settings.",
"Choose immediate charging; inspect mode and completion."
],
"example": "An illustrative 100 Ah battery with a 420 V ceiling can use a 32 A cap. At the ceiling, current falls as OCV rises.",
"observe": "Completion needs current below cutoff at the CV ceiling for the configured dwell. Site-limited low current is different.",
"limits": "The battery uses linear OCV and fixed resistance. It does not automatically add aging, thermal dynamics or balancing.",
"url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=charging-home",
"label": "Open the Studio example",
"evidence": [
"js/charging-control.js",
"js/charging-scenarios.js",
"docs/CHARGING_BLOCKS_SPEC.md"
]
}
},
{
"id": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
"type": "Topic",
"label": "Charging infrastructure",
"properties": {
"id": "topic-infrastructure",
"name": "Charging infrastructure",
"lede": "Where and how vehicles are charged: charging strategies, power levels, connectors and the protocols between vehicle and charger.",
"context": "Separate compatibility from requested average power.",
"example": "A 100 kW model request does not establish real voltage, current, connector or negotiation compatibility.",
"lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
"lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
}
},
{
"id": "term:dc-fast-charging",
"type": "Term",
"label": "DC fast charging",
"properties": {
"id": "dc-fast-charging",
"name": "DC fast charging",
"abbr": "DCFC",
"aka": [
"rapid charging",
"HPC"
],
"section": "topic-infrastructure",
"definition": "Charging from a station that supplies DC straight to the pack, bypassing the car’s onboard charger, at 50 kW to over 350 kW. The BMS, not the charger, sets the current from moment to moment, which is why the charge curve tapers as the pack fills.",
"related": [
"fast-charging",
"onboard-charger",
"pack-voltage",
"preconditioning",
"charging-curve",
"evse"
],
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dc-fast-charging/",
"mentions": [
"charger",
"bms"
]
}
},
{
"id": "term:fast-charging",
"type": "Term",
"label": "Fast charging",
"properties": {
"id": "fast-charging",
"name": "Fast charging",
"section": "topic-charging",
"definition": "Charging intended to replenish a specified amount of energy or state of charge in a short time. There is no universal C-rate threshold: performance depends on cell chemistry, temperature, starting state and power limits. High current can increase heating and lithium-plating risk, requiring appropriate limits.",
"related": [
"lithium-plating",
"c-rate",
"cc-cv-charging",
"dc-fast-charging",
"thermal-management",
"mscc"
],
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/fast-charging/",
"mentions": [
"state-of-charge"
]
}
},
{
"id": "term:cc-cv-charging",
"type": "Term",
"label": "CC-CV charging",
"properties": {
"id": "cc-cv-charging",
"name": "CC-CV charging",
"aka": [
"constant current constant voltage"
],
"section": "topic-charging",
"definition": "The standard lithium-ion charge protocol: constant current until the cell reaches its upper cutoff voltage, then that voltage held constant while the current tapers. The charge ends when the current falls to a set fraction, often C/20.",
"related": [
"constant-current",
"constant-voltage",
"cutoff-voltage",
"taper-current",
"fast-charging",
"cp-cv"
],
"lesson": "fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/#real-cells",
"example": {
"title": "Follow a two-stage charge",
"text": "For an illustrative 5 Ah cell, a 2.5 A current request is 0.5C. During CC the voltage rises. At the selected upper voltage, CV regulation holds voltage while current tapers. Completion requires the taper current to fall below the selected cutoff for the configured dwell."
},
"notes": [
"Choose voltage, current and temperature limits from the actual cell specification. These example values do not define a charging recipe."
],
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/cc-cv-charging/",
"mentions": []
}
},
{
"id": "term:derating",
"type": "Term",
"label": "Derating",
"properties": {
"id": "derating",
"name": "Derating",
"section": "topic-pack",
"definition": "Reducing the allowed charge or discharge power as the battery approaches a limit — low temperature, high temperature, high or low SOC, or age. It is how a BMS keeps the cells safe while letting the vehicle do as much as it can.",
"related": [
"state-of-power",
"bms",
"operating-temperature",
"fast-charging",
"limp-home-mode"
],
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/derating/",
"mentions": [
"state-of-charge"
]
}
},
{
"id": "term:boost-charging",
"type": "Term",
"label": "Boost and top-up charging",
"properties": {
"id": "boost-charging",
"name": "Boost and top-up charging",
"section": "topic-charging",
"definition": "A short, partial charge to add range quickly — often only into the part of the SOC window where the cell accepts high current best, typically 10–80 %. Charging above 80 % is slow on any fast charger, so frequent short top-ups are often faster than one long session.",
"related": [
"charging-curve",
"fast-charging",
"opportunity-charging",
"usable-capacity"
],
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/boost-charging/",
"mentions": [
"charger",
"state-of-charge"
]
}
},
{
"id": "term:state-of-charge",
"type": "Term",
"label": "State of charge",
"properties": {
"id": "state-of-charge",
"name": "State of charge",
"abbr": "SOC",
"section": "topic-state",
"definition": "How full a cell is, as a fraction of its available capacity. State of charge, like temperature, affects how fast a stored cell ages.",
"unit": "%",
"related": [
"depth-of-discharge",
"ocv-soc-curve",
"coulomb-counting",
"state-of-health",
"bms"
],
"lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#storage-soc",
"example": {
"title": "Interpret a charge inventory",
"text": "If available capacity is 5 Ah and 3 Ah remains by the chosen estimator, SOC is 60%. A different estimate of available capacity changes this percentage, so compare SOC values only with the capacity convention recorded."
},
"url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/state-of-charge/",
"mentions": [
"usable-capacity"
]
}
},
{
"id": "visual:charging-cccv",
"type": "Visual",
"label": "Compare charging profiles",
"properties": {
"title": "Compare charging profiles",
"summary": "See which quantity is held constant, when the phase changes and how charging ends.",
"readout": "Current holds at 5 A until the example 4.15 V threshold; voltage then holds while current tapers. The stop marker is a separate low-current termination condition.",
"formula": "CC: I = I_set · CV: V = V_limit",
"note": "Positive current charges the cell. Time is normalized; selected thresholds are not cell-specific recommendations. The voltage trace ends at termination; post-stop relaxation is excluded.",
"software": {
"status": "studio",
"label": "Lemonergy Studio charging controller",
"body": "The native controller regulates CC-CV charging. Its battery model uses charge balance, linear OCV and constant resistance. These authored profiles are explanatory, not its simulation output.",
"href": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=charging-home"
},
"html": "Current profile