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      "definition": "In a solid-state cell, the solid electrolyte mixed into the positive electrode so ions can reach every particle, as liquid does in a conventional cell. It can be a different material from the separator layer.",
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        "halide-electrolyte",
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      "label": "Electrolytes and separators",
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        "context": "Connect transport with electronic isolation.",
        "example": "Greater liquid uptake may improve wetting while changing mechanical behavior. Several properties define separator performance.",
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        "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy"
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      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Halide electrolyte",
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        "id": "halide-electrolyte",
        "name": "Halide electrolyte",
        "aka": [
          "Li₃YCl₆",
          "Li₃InCl₆"
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        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A newer solid electrolyte family of lithium metal chlorides and bromides, stable at the high voltage of layered oxide cathodes where sulfides decompose, but unstable against lithium metal. Cells often pair a halide catholyte with a sulfide separator.",
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      "id": "term:sulfide-electrolyte",
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      "label": "Sulfide electrolyte",
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        "definition": "The solid electrolyte family with the highest conductivity — argyrodites such as Li₆PS₅Cl match liquids, and LGPS exceeds them — and soft enough to be pressed rather than sintered. Their weakness is reaction with moisture, which releases hydrogen sulfide.",
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      "label": "Porous electrode",
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        "related": [
          "porosity",
          "tortuosity",
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      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
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        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
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          "coating"
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    {
      "id": "term:positive-electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Positive electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "positive-electrode",
        "name": "Positive electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "The electrode at the higher potential: a lithium metal oxide or phosphate coated on aluminium foil. It is the lithium source when a cell is built, and industry calls it the cathode.",
        "related": [
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          "aluminium-foil"
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        "example": {
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        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/positive-electrode/",
        "mentions": [
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      "id": "term:separator",
      "type": "Term",
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        "id": "separator",
        "name": "Separator",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A porous, electronically insulating film between the electrodes. Electrons cannot cross it; ions move through the electrolyte in its pores.",
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          "electrolyte",
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          "separator-shutdown",
          "internal-short-circuit",
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        "example": {
          "title": "Different conduction paths",
          "text": "A separator prevents direct electronic contact while permitting ionic transport through its electrolyte-filled structure."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/separator/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte",
        "name": "Electrolyte",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The ion-conducting medium between the electrodes. In a liquid-electrolyte cell it fills the pores of both electrodes and the separator, so it is not a separate structural layer.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-salt",
          "carbonate-solvent",
          "electrolyte-additive",
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          "ionic-liquid-electrolyte"
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        "example": {
          "title": "Ions and electrons",
          "text": "Electrolyte carries ions between electrodes; the external circuit carries electrons. The two paths serve different roles."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
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}