{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:battery-passport",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Battery passport",
    "properties": {
      "id": "battery-passport",
      "name": "Battery passport",
      "section": "topic-sustainability",
      "definition": "A digital record for each electric-vehicle and industrial battery, required in the EU from 2027, holding its composition, carbon footprint, due-diligence data, state of health and repair history, accessible by QR code.",
      "related": [
        "eu-battery-regulation",
        "traceability",
        "carbon-footprint",
        "state-of-health",
        "recycled-content",
        "battery-pack-aadhaar-number"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/battery-passport/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:3308",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "topic:topic-sustainability",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3309",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "term:eu-battery-regulation",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3310",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "term:traceability",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3311",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "term:carbon-footprint",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3312",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "term:state-of-health",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3313",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "term:recycled-content",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3314",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "term:battery-pack-aadhaar-number",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3315",
      "source": "term:battery-passport",
      "target": "reference:eu-batteries",
      "type": "cites",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "wiki-references.json",
        "scope": "direct technical reference"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-sustainability",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Supply chain and regulation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-sustainability",
        "name": "Supply chain and regulation",
        "lede": "Where the materials come from, what a battery’s carbon footprint is, and the rules that govern it from mine to market.",
        "context": "Keep boundaries, dates, geography and units.",
        "example": "Carbon footprints can be compared only with compatible boundaries and functional units.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open production context"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:eu-battery-regulation",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "EU Battery Regulation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "eu-battery-regulation",
        "name": "EU Battery Regulation",
        "aka": [
          "Regulation (EU) 2023/1542"
        ],
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The European law, in force since 2023, that governs batteries over their whole life: carbon-footprint declarations, recycled-content minimums, due diligence on raw materials, performance and durability requirements, removability, the battery passport and collection and recycling targets.",
        "related": [
          "battery-passport",
          "carbon-footprint",
          "recycling",
          "due-diligence",
          "critical-raw-materials",
          "eu-battery-directive"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/eu-battery-regulation/",
        "mentions": [
          "collection-target"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:traceability",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Traceability",
      "properties": {
        "id": "traceability",
        "name": "Traceability",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Recording for each cell which material lots, machines and process conditions produced it, so a field failure can be traced to a batch and a recall limited to it. The EU battery passport extends this record to the cell’s whole life.",
        "related": [
          "battery-passport",
          "yield",
          "end-of-line-testing",
          "iso-management-systems"
        ],
        "example": {
          "title": "Connect records to identity",
          "text": "A cell record can link its material lots and electrode rolls. A lot identifier joins records; it is not a measured quality value."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/traceability/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:carbon-footprint",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Battery carbon footprint",
      "properties": {
        "id": "carbon-footprint",
        "name": "Battery carbon footprint",
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The greenhouse gases emitted to make a battery, typically 50–100 kg CO₂-equivalent per kWh, dominated by cathode materials and the electricity used in cell production. The EU regulation requires it to be declared and will later cap it.",
        "unit": "kg CO₂e/kWh",
        "related": [
          "life-cycle-assessment",
          "eu-battery-regulation",
          "battery-passport",
          "gigafactory",
          "carbon-footprint-declaration"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/carbon-footprint/",
        "mentions": [
          "kilowatt-hour",
          "cathode",
          "cell-production",
          "co2-equivalent"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:state-of-health",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "State of health",
      "properties": {
        "id": "state-of-health",
        "name": "State of health",
        "abbr": "SOH",
        "section": "topic-state",
        "definition": "A summary of how far a cell has aged, often expressed through remaining capacity or increased resistance compared with when it was new. By convention a cell has reached end of life at 80 % of its rated capacity.",
        "unit": "%",
        "related": [
          "capacity-fade",
          "impedance-rise",
          "end-of-life",
          "remaining-useful-life",
          "state-of-charge",
          "state-of-certified-energy"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/#real-cells",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/state-of-health/",
        "mentions": [
          "nominal-capacity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:recycled-content",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Recycled content minimum",
      "properties": {
        "id": "recycled-content",
        "name": "Recycled content minimum",
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The EU Battery Regulation’s requirement that industrial and EV batteries declare the share of recycled cobalt, lithium, nickel and lead in their active materials, and from 2031 meet minimums of 16 % cobalt, 6 % lithium, 6 % nickel and 85 % lead, rising again in 2036.",
        "unit": "%",
        "related": [
          "eu-battery-regulation",
          "recycling",
          "battery-passport",
          "collection-target"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/recycled-content/",
        "mentions": [
          "cobalt"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:battery-pack-aadhaar-number",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Battery Pack Aadhaar Number",
      "properties": {
        "id": "battery-pack-aadhaar-number",
        "name": "Battery Pack Aadhaar Number",
        "abbr": "BPAN",
        "aka": [
          "Battery Aadhaar"
        ],
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "India’s proposed unique identifier for battery packs, set out in 2026 draft guidelines from the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: a 21-character code marked on each EV pack, and on industrial batteries above 2 kWh, linked to records of its maker, composition, carbon footprint and service data — a counterpart to the EU battery passport.",
        "related": [
          "battery-passport",
          "traceability",
          "carbon-footprint",
          "eu-battery-regulation"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/battery-pack-aadhaar-number/",
        "mentions": [
          "kilowatt-hour"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "reference:eu-batteries",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 concerning batteries and waste batteries",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 concerning batteries and waste batteries",
        "publisher": "European Union / EUR-Lex",
        "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32023R1542",
        "type": "Regulation",
        "scope": "Battery sustainability, information, waste management and battery passport provisions. Consult the current consolidated text and applicable implementing acts.",
        "year": 2023,
        "accessed": "2026-10-27"
      }
    }
  ]
}