{ "node": { "id": "term:area-specific-resistance", "type": "Term", "label": "Area-specific resistance", "properties": { "id": "area-specific-resistance", "name": "Area-specific resistance", "abbr": "ASR", "aka": [ "area-specific impedance", "ASI" ], "section": "topic-electrochemistry", "definition": "A cell’s or layer’s resistance multiplied by its electrode area, which makes resistance comparable between cells of any size. A 100 Ah cell with 2.5 m² of electrode area and 1 mΩ of resistance has an ASR of 25 Ω·cm²; cell designers and solid-state interface researchers both work in it.", "formula": "ASR = R · A", "unit": "Ω·cm²", "related": [ "internal-resistance", "areal-loading", "dcir", "impedance", "solid-electrolyte" ], "example": { "title": "Normalize by active area", "text": "An illustrative measured resistance of 0.2 Ω across 5 cm² corresponds to 1 Ω·cm². Use the same geometrical-area convention when comparing samples." }, "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/area-specific-resistance/", "mentions": [ "electrode" ] } }, "edges": [ { "id": "edge:6672", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "topic:topic-electrochemistry", "type": "belongsTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json" } }, { "id": "edge:6673", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "term:internal-resistance", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6674", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "term:areal-loading", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6675", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "term:dcir", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6676", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "term:impedance", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6677", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "term:solid-electrolyte", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:mentions/area-specific-resistance/electrode", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "term:electrode", "type": "mentions", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions", "field": "definition", "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6679", "source": "term:area-specific-resistance", "target": "visual:area-resistance", "type": "illustratedBy", "properties": { "sourceFile": "visual-pages.json" } } ], "neighbors": [ { "id": "topic:topic-electrochemistry", "type": "Topic", "label": "Electrochemistry fundamentals", "properties": { "id": "topic-electrochemistry", "name": "Electrochemistry fundamentals", "lede": "The reactions and potentials that make a cell a battery.", "context": "Connect reaction sites and transport paths.", "example": "A circuit can predict terminal voltage while leaving electrode potentials and reaction kinetics unresolved.", "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/", "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy" } }, { "id": "term:internal-resistance", "type": "Term", "label": "Internal resistance", "properties": { "id": "internal-resistance", "name": "Internal resistance", "abbr": "IR", "aka": [ "DC resistance", "DCIR" ], "section": "topic-units", "definition": "The resistance a cell presents to current, from its foils, electrolyte, interfaces and the reactions themselves. It converts part of the delivered energy into heat, sets the voltage drop under load, and rises as the cell ages; a large automotive cell has about a milliohm, a small cylindrical cell tens.", "unit": "mΩ", "related": [ "ohms-law", "ir-drop", "impedance-rise", "dcir", "area-specific-resistance", "resistance-capacity-product" ], "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-basics/#datasheet", "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/internal-resistance/", "mentions": [ "electrolyte", "cylindrical-cell" ] } }, { "id": "term:areal-loading", "type": "Term", "label": "Areal loading", "properties": { "id": "areal-loading", "name": "Areal loading", "aka": [ "mass loading", "areal capacity" ], "section": "topic-components", "definition": "How much active material, or capacity, an electrode carries per square centimetre of foil, typically 2–5 mAh/cm². Higher loading raises energy density but lengthens the ion path, which limits fast charging.", "unit": "mAh/cm², mg/cm²", "related": [ "coating", "energy-density", "fast-charging", "tortuosity" ], "example": { "title": "Convert mass and area", "text": "200 mg active material over 20 cm² gives 10 mg/cm² loading. State whether the measurement includes one or both coated sides." }, "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/areal-loading/", "mentions": [ "milliampere-hour", "electrode", "active-material" ] } }, { "id": "term:dcir", "type": "Term", "label": "DC internal resistance", "properties": { "id": "dcir", "name": "DC internal resistance", "abbr": "DCIR", "aka": [ "DC-IR", "pulse resistance" ], "section": "topic-testing", "definition": "Internal resistance measured from the voltage change during a current pulse of defined length, usually 10 s or 18 s. It is larger than the AC value because it includes charge-transfer and some diffusion, and it depends on SOC, temperature and pulse duration.", "unit": "mΩ", "related": [ "internal-resistance", "acir", "hppc", "impedance-rise" ], "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dcir/", "mentions": [ "state-of-charge", "diffusion" ] } }, { "id": "term:impedance", "type": "Term", "label": "Impedance", "properties": { "id": "impedance", "name": "Impedance", "abbr": "Z", "section": "topic-units", "definition": "The frequency-dependent generalisation of resistance, with a magnitude and a phase. A cell’s impedance separates ohmic, charge-transfer and diffusion contributions that a single DC resistance lumps together.", "unit": "Ω", "related": [ "internal-resistance", "electrochemical-impedance-spectroscopy", "nyquist-plot" ], "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/impedance/", "mentions": [ "diffusion" ] } }, { "id": "term:solid-electrolyte", "type": "Term", "label": "Solid electrolyte", "properties": { "id": "solid-electrolyte", "name": "Solid electrolyte", "section": "topic-electrolytes", "definition": "A solid ion conductor that replaces the liquid electrolyte in an all-solid-state cell. Oxide, sulfide, halide and polymer families each need a different production route.", "related": [ "solid-state-battery", "electrolyte", "sintering", "stack-pressure", "ionic-conductivity", "superionic-conductor" ], "lesson": "fundamentals/solid-state-cell-production/#families", "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/solid-electrolyte/", "mentions": [] } }, { "id": "term:electrode", "type": "Term", "label": "Electrode", "properties": { "id": "electrode", "name": "Electrode", "section": "topic-components", "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.", "related": [ "negative-electrode", "positive-electrode", "porous-electrode", "current-collector" ], "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components", "example": { "title": "Two transport paths", "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume." }, "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/", "mentions": [ "electrolyte", "coating" ] } }, { "id": "visual:area-resistance", "type": "Visual", "label": "More active area reduces resistance at fixed ASR", "properties": { "title": "More active area reduces resistance at fixed ASR", "summary": "Normalize resistance by the area through which current passes.", "readout": "At 2500 cm², 10 Ω·cm² gives 4 mΩ.", "formula": "ASR = R × A; R = ASR/A", "note": "Uniform current density and a fixed area-specific resistance are assumed. Define whether area is geometric, coated or active before comparing data.", "software": { "status": "reference", "label": "Reference concept", "body": "This reference relationship explains area normalization. The core library does not infer electrode area or interface resistance from a cell rating.", "href": "../chapter-1/" }, "html": "
Resistance at constant ASR
Resistance at constant ASRElectrode area (cm²) versus Resistance (mΩ). Resistance. Interpretation follows the graphs.0100252,580505,050757,5301001e+4Electrode area (cm²)Resistance (mΩ)
Resistance
" } } ] }