{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:abuse-testing",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Abuse testing",
    "properties": {
      "id": "abuse-testing",
      "name": "Abuse testing",
      "section": "topic-safety",
      "definition": "Deliberately driving cells and packs beyond their limits — overcharge, crush, nail penetration, external short, heating, drop — to see how they fail. Standards define each test and rank the outcome on a hazard scale from no effect to explosion.",
      "related": [
        "nail-penetration",
        "overcharge-test",
        "crush-test",
        "short-circuit-test",
        "hazard-level",
        "oven-test"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/abuse-testing/",
      "mentions": [
        "overcharge"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:1720",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "topic:topic-safety",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1721",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:nail-penetration",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1722",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:overcharge-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1723",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:crush-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1724",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:short-circuit-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1725",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:hazard-level",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1726",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:oven-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/abuse-testing/overcharge",
      "source": "term:abuse-testing",
      "target": "term:overcharge",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-safety",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Safety and abuse",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-safety",
        "name": "Safety and abuse",
        "lede": "How cells fail dangerously, how that is tested, and what is built in to stop it.",
        "context": "Connect mechanisms with appropriate test evidence.",
        "example": "A low normal-load temperature does not demonstrate thermal-runaway containment.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-aging/",
        "lesson_label": "Open degradation mechanisms"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:nail-penetration",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Nail penetration test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "nail-penetration",
        "name": "Nail penetration test",
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "Driving a steel nail through a charged cell to create a sudden internal short circuit. It is easy to run and widely cited, but its severity depends on nail size, speed and depth, and it is a poor stand-in for the small latent shorts that cause field failures.",
        "related": [
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "abuse-testing",
          "thermal-runaway"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/nail-penetration/",
        "mentions": [
          "short-circuit"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:overcharge-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Overcharge test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "overcharge-test",
        "name": "Overcharge test",
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "Charging a cell past its upper cutoff, often to 150–200 % of nominal capacity or a fixed voltage, with protection disabled. It shows how much margin the cell has above its window and whether the vent or CID acts before runaway.",
        "related": [
          "overcharge",
          "abuse-testing",
          "current-interrupt-device"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/overcharge-test/",
        "mentions": [
          "nominal-capacity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:crush-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Crush test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "crush-test",
        "name": "Crush test",
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "Deforming a cell or pack between a platen and a round bar or sphere until the voltage drops or a set force is reached, to reproduce a crash. It checks whether the case and separator fail gracefully or cause a short.",
        "related": [
          "abuse-testing",
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "nail-penetration",
          "vehicle-crash-test"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/crush-test/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:short-circuit-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "External short-circuit test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "short-circuit-test",
        "name": "External short-circuit test",
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "Connecting a charged cell’s terminals through a resistance of a few milliohms and recording temperature and outcome. The result depends as much on the cell’s own resistance and its protective devices as on its chemistry.",
        "related": [
          "external-short-circuit",
          "abuse-testing",
          "ptc",
          "fuse"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/short-circuit-test/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:hazard-level",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Hazard level",
      "properties": {
        "id": "hazard-level",
        "name": "Hazard level",
        "aka": [
          "EUCAR hazard level"
        ],
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "A scale, 0 to 7, for grading the outcome of an abuse test: from no effect through leakage, venting and fire to rupture and explosion. Vehicle programmes typically require that no cell test exceed level 4, venting without flame.",
        "related": [
          "abuse-testing",
          "venting",
          "thermal-runaway"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/hazard-level/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:oven-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Oven test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "oven-test",
        "name": "Oven test",
        "aka": [
          "hot-box test",
          "heating test",
          "thermal abuse test"
        ],
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "Heating a charged cell in an oven, typically at 5 °C/min to a set temperature such as the 130 °C of IEC 62133, and holding it there to check that it survives without fire or explosion. Hot-box variants keep heating until thermal runaway, showing how much margin the separator and chemistry provide.",
        "related": [
          "abuse-testing",
          "thermal-runaway",
          "onset-temperature",
          "separator-shutdown",
          "iec-62133"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/oven-test/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:overcharge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Overcharge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "overcharge",
        "name": "Overcharge",
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "Charging past the upper cutoff voltage. The positive electrode over-delithiates and releases oxygen, the electrolyte oxidises and lithium plates on the negative, so an unprotected overcharge can end in thermal runaway.",
        "related": [
          "cutoff-voltage",
          "thermal-runaway",
          "bms",
          "overcharge-test",
          "electrolyte-decomposition"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/overcharge/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}