{
  "node": {
    "id": "block:battery-supercapacitor",
    "type": "Block",
    "label": "Supercapacitor cell",
    "properties": {
      "id": "battery-supercapacitor",
      "name": "Supercapacitor cell",
      "kind": "studio",
      "summary": "Causal capacitor state with series loss, leakage and stored energy.",
      "behavior": "Integrates the internal capacitor voltage from discharge current and leakage. A series resistance produces terminal voltage drop and heat. Stored energy uses the internal capacitor voltage.",
      "ports": [
        {
          "name": "current",
          "direction": "input",
          "unit": "A",
          "description": "Signed discharge current; scalar.",
          "shape": [],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "current"
        },
        {
          "name": "voltage",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "V",
          "description": "Terminal voltage; scalar.",
          "shape": [],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "voltage"
        },
        {
          "name": "internalVoltage",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "V",
          "description": "Capacitor voltage; scalar.",
          "shape": [],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "voltage"
        },
        {
          "name": "energy",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "J",
          "description": "Stored energy; scalar.",
          "shape": [],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "energy"
        },
        {
          "name": "loss",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "W",
          "description": "Dissipated heat; scalar.",
          "shape": [],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "heat"
        }
      ],
      "parameters": [
        {
          "key": "capacitanceF",
          "label": "Capacitance (F)",
          "unit": "F",
          "default": 100,
          "description": "Capacitance (F). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "resistanceOhm",
          "label": "Series resistance (Ω)",
          "unit": "Ω",
          "default": 0.05,
          "description": "Series resistance (Ω). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "leakageSiemens",
          "label": "Leakage conductance (S)",
          "unit": "S",
          "default": 0,
          "description": "Leakage conductance (S). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "initialVoltageV",
          "label": "Initial capacitor voltage (V)",
          "unit": "V",
          "default": 2.5,
          "description": "Initial capacitor voltage (V). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        }
      ],
      "equations": [
        "C*dVcap/dt = -I - Gleak*Vcap",
        "Vterminal = Vcap - I*Rseries",
        "E = 0.5*C*Vcap^2",
        "Ploss = I^2*Rseries + Gleak*Vcap^2"
      ],
      "example": {
        "title": "Supercapacitor cell worked example",
        "text": "Use the defaults below with Signed discharge current = 1 A. At 0 s, Terminal voltage is 2.45 V. Additional checks are listed below.",
        "url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=block-battery-supercapacitor",
        "label": "Open Studio example",
        "checks": [
          {
            "port": "voltage",
            "atS": 0,
            "value": 2.45,
            "tolerance": 1e-08,
            "label": "Terminal voltage",
            "unit": "V"
          },
          {
            "port": "energy",
            "atS": 0,
            "value": 312.5,
            "tolerance": 1e-08,
            "label": "Stored energy",
            "unit": "J"
          },
          {
            "port": "energy",
            "atS": 10,
            "value": 288,
            "tolerance": 1e-06,
            "label": "Stored energy",
            "unit": "J"
          }
        ],
        "inputs": [
          {
            "port": "current",
            "label": "Signed discharge current",
            "value": 1,
            "unit": "A"
          }
        ]
      },
      "limits": [
        "Constant capacitance, series resistance and leakage. The external interface is causal; voltage- or temperature-dependent parameters are not included.",
        "The example verifies numerical behavior for synthetic parameters. Cell characterization and validation for an intended use are separate tasks."
      ],
      "availability": {
        "status": "released",
        "label": "Available in Lemonergy Studio",
        "detail": "The bundled example is available in the production release verified on 28 October 2026. The parameters and examples here are synthetic teaching fixtures, not a characterized cell or a validated operating limit."
      },
      "references": [
        "bipm-si"
      ],
      "evidence": [
        "docs/glossary/native-block-verification.json"
      ],
      "sourceRepository": "Lemonergy Studio public contract",
      "sourceRevision": "verification-2026-10-27",
      "caseIds": [
        "native-battery-supercapacitor"
      ],
      "exampleTraces": [
        {
          "id": "battery-supercapacitor",
          "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/api/traces/battery-supercapacitor.json?v=8efe06cb84e3",
          "title": "Supercapacitor cell recorded example",
          "exampleId": "block-battery-supercapacitor",
          "source": "Executed synthetic Lemonergy Studio example",
          "recordedOn": "2026-10-28",
          "points": 103,
          "channels": 4,
          "omittedChannels": 0,
          "interpolation": "linear",
          "solver": {
            "method": "dormand-prince-45",
            "reason": "non-stiff-time-scales"
          }
        }
      ],
      "type": "battery-supercapacitor",
      "implementationId": "battery-supercapacitor",
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/blocks/battery-supercapacitor/",
      "documentationUrl": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/blocks/battery-supercapacitor/",
      "sourceFile": "block-library.json",
      "reviewed": "2026-10-27",
      "releaseEvidence": {
        "environment": "production",
        "status": "verified",
        "revision": "e76cadfc203e15eb41f3478d8b1044a5b851953d",
        "verifiedOn": "2026-10-28",
        "exampleUrls": [
          "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=block-battery-supercapacitor"
        ]
      }
    }
  },
  "incoming": [
    {
      "id": "edge:usesBlock/native-battery-supercapacitor/0",
      "type": "usesBlock",
      "source": "workflow:native-battery-supercapacitor",
      "target": "block:battery-supercapacitor",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "wiki-blocks.json",
        "position": 0,
        "name": "Supercapacitor cell",
        "type": "battery-supercapacitor",
        "role": "Integrates the internal capacitor voltage from discharge current and leakage. A series resistance produces terminal voltage drop and heat. Stored energy uses the internal capacitor voltage.",
        "settings": [
          "Use the parameter values in the block reference.",
          "Bundled example verified on the production release of 28 October 2026."
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "outgoing": [
    {
      "id": "edge:cites/block:battery-supercapacitor/reference:bipm-si",
      "type": "cites",
      "source": "block:battery-supercapacitor",
      "target": "reference:bipm-si",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "block-library.json",
        "scope": "Scientific or mathematical background; implementation scope is stated by the block contract"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "workflow:native-battery-supercapacitor",
      "type": "Workflow",
      "label": "Supercapacitor cell worked example",
      "properties": {
        "id": "native-battery-supercapacitor",
        "title": "Supercapacitor cell worked example",
        "kind": "studio",
        "summary": "Causal capacitor state with series loss, leakage and stored energy.",
        "steps": [
          "Review the block inputs, units and model limits.",
          "Open the Studio example and run its bundled model.",
          "Compare the output channels with the numerical checks; change one input and run again."
        ],
        "example": "Use the defaults below with Signed discharge current = 1 A. At 0 s, Terminal voltage is 2.45 V. Additional checks are listed below.",
        "observe": "Inspect the outputs and numerical checks on the block reference page.",
        "limits": "Constant capacitance, series resistance and leakage. The external interface is causal; voltage- or temperature-dependent parameters are not included. The example verifies numerical behavior for synthetic parameters. Cell characterization and validation for an intended use are separate tasks.",
        "url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=block-battery-supercapacitor",
        "label": "Open Studio example",
        "evidence": [
          "docs/glossary/native-block-verification.json"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "reference:bipm-si",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition",
      "properties": {
        "title": "The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition",
        "publisher": "Bureau International des Poids et Mesures",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.59161/AUEZ1291",
        "type": "Metrology reference",
        "scope": "Definitions of SI units and coherent derived units; 2026 revision.",
        "year": 2026,
        "accessed": "2026-10-27"
      }
    }
  ]
}