{
  "node": {
    "id": "block:battery-passive-balancer",
    "type": "Block",
    "label": "Passive cell balancer",
    "properties": {
      "id": "battery-passive-balancer",
      "name": "Passive cell balancer",
      "kind": "studio",
      "summary": "Hysteresis selects high cells and reports bleed current and resistor heat.",
      "behavior": "Selects cells above the lowest cell voltage using separate turn-on and turn-off differences. Enabled channels report bleed current and resistor heat; the signal block itself does not impose the electrical current.",
      "ports": [
        {
          "name": "voltage",
          "direction": "input",
          "unit": "V",
          "description": "Cell voltages; 3 channels at the default configuration.",
          "shape": [
            3
          ],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "voltage"
        },
        {
          "name": "enable",
          "direction": "input",
          "unit": "true / false",
          "description": "Enable; scalar.",
          "shape": [],
          "elementType": "bool",
          "quantity": "dimensionless"
        },
        {
          "name": "active",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "true / false",
          "description": "Bleed switches; 3 channels at the default configuration.",
          "shape": [
            3
          ],
          "elementType": "bool",
          "quantity": "dimensionless"
        },
        {
          "name": "current",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "A",
          "description": "Bleed currents; 3 channels at the default configuration.",
          "shape": [
            3
          ],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "current"
        },
        {
          "name": "heat",
          "direction": "output",
          "unit": "W",
          "description": "Bleed power; 3 channels at the default configuration.",
          "shape": [
            3
          ],
          "elementType": "real",
          "quantity": "power"
        }
      ],
      "parameters": [
        {
          "key": "sampleTimeS",
          "label": "Sample interval (s)",
          "unit": "s",
          "default": 1,
          "description": "Positive sample interval. Initialization has zero elapsed time; subsequent accepted samples update memory."
        },
        {
          "key": "cells",
          "label": "Number of measurement channels",
          "unit": "1",
          "default": 3,
          "description": "Number of measurement channels. This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "onDeltaV",
          "label": "Turn-on voltage difference (V)",
          "unit": "V",
          "default": 0.02,
          "description": "Turn-on voltage difference (V). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "offDeltaV",
          "label": "Turn-off voltage difference (V)",
          "unit": "V",
          "default": 0.01,
          "description": "Turn-off voltage difference (V). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "resistanceOhm",
          "label": "Bleed resistor (Ω)",
          "unit": "Ω",
          "default": 40,
          "description": "Bleed resistor (Ω). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        },
        {
          "key": "minVoltageV",
          "label": "Minimum voltage (V)",
          "unit": "V",
          "default": 3,
          "description": "Minimum voltage (V). This is an editable model input; the default belongs to the synthetic worked example."
        }
      ],
      "equations": [
        "Ibleed[j] = selected[j] * voltage[j] / resistance",
        "Pbleed[j] = voltage[j] * Ibleed[j]"
      ],
      "example": {
        "title": "Passive cell balancer worked example",
        "text": "Use the defaults below with Cell voltages = [3.95, 4, 3.96] V, Enable = 1 true / false. At 0 s, Bleed switches is [0, 1, 0] true / false. Additional checks are listed below.",
        "url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=block-battery-passive-balancer",
        "label": "Open Studio example",
        "checks": [
          {
            "port": "active",
            "atS": 0,
            "value": [
              0,
              1,
              0
            ],
            "tolerance": 1e-08,
            "label": "Bleed switches",
            "unit": "true / false"
          },
          {
            "port": "current",
            "atS": 0,
            "value": [
              0,
              0.1,
              0
            ],
            "tolerance": 1e-08,
            "label": "Bleed currents",
            "unit": "A"
          },
          {
            "port": "heat",
            "atS": 0,
            "value": [
              0,
              0.4,
              0
            ],
            "tolerance": 1e-08,
            "label": "Bleed power",
            "unit": "W"
          }
        ],
        "inputs": [
          {
            "port": "voltage",
            "label": "Cell voltages",
            "value": [
              3.95,
              4,
              3.96
            ],
            "unit": "V"
          },
          {
            "port": "enable",
            "label": "Enable",
            "value": 1,
            "unit": "true / false"
          }
        ]
      },
      "limits": [
        "Connect the request to a physical balancing interface to load a conserving network. The synthetic resistor is not a hardware rating.",
        "The example verifies numerical behavior for synthetic parameters. Cell characterization and validation for an intended use are separate tasks."
      ],
      "availability": {
        "status": "released",
        "label": "Available in Lemonergy Studio",
        "detail": "The bundled example is available in the production release verified on 28 October 2026. The parameters and examples here are synthetic teaching fixtures, not a characterized cell or a validated operating limit."
      },
      "references": [
        "ti-bms"
      ],
      "evidence": [
        "docs/glossary/native-block-verification.json"
      ],
      "sourceRepository": "Lemonergy Studio public contract",
      "sourceRevision": "verification-2026-10-27",
      "caseIds": [
        "native-battery-passive-balancer"
      ],
      "exampleTraces": [
        {
          "id": "battery-passive-balancer",
          "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/api/traces/battery-passive-balancer.json?v=78e92535a6a1",
          "title": "Passive cell balancer recorded example",
          "exampleId": "block-battery-passive-balancer",
          "source": "Executed synthetic Lemonergy Studio example",
          "recordedOn": "2026-10-28",
          "points": 2,
          "channels": 9,
          "omittedChannels": 0,
          "interpolation": "step",
          "solver": {
            "method": "dormand-prince-45",
            "reason": "no-continuous-states"
          }
        }
      ],
      "type": "battery-passive-balancer",
      "implementationId": "battery-passive-balancer",
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/blocks/battery-passive-balancer/",
      "documentationUrl": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/blocks/battery-passive-balancer/",
      "sourceFile": "block-library.json",
      "reviewed": "2026-10-27",
      "releaseEvidence": {
        "environment": "production",
        "status": "verified",
        "revision": "e76cadfc203e15eb41f3478d8b1044a5b851953d",
        "verifiedOn": "2026-10-28",
        "exampleUrls": [
          "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=block-battery-passive-balancer"
        ]
      }
    }
  },
  "incoming": [
    {
      "id": "edge:usesBlock/native-battery-passive-balancer/0",
      "type": "usesBlock",
      "source": "workflow:native-battery-passive-balancer",
      "target": "block:battery-passive-balancer",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "wiki-blocks.json",
        "position": 0,
        "name": "Passive cell balancer",
        "type": "battery-passive-balancer",
        "role": "Selects cells above the lowest cell voltage using separate turn-on and turn-off differences. Enabled channels report bleed current and resistor heat; the signal block itself does not impose the electrical current.",
        "settings": [
          "Use the parameter values in the block reference.",
          "Bundled example verified on the production release of 28 October 2026."
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "outgoing": [
    {
      "id": "edge:cites/block:battery-passive-balancer/reference:ti-bms",
      "type": "cites",
      "source": "block:battery-passive-balancer",
      "target": "reference:ti-bms",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "block-library.json",
        "scope": "Scientific or mathematical background; implementation scope is stated by the block contract"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "workflow:native-battery-passive-balancer",
      "type": "Workflow",
      "label": "Passive cell balancer worked example",
      "properties": {
        "id": "native-battery-passive-balancer",
        "title": "Passive cell balancer worked example",
        "kind": "studio",
        "summary": "Hysteresis selects high cells and reports bleed current and resistor heat.",
        "steps": [
          "Review the block inputs, units and model limits.",
          "Open the Studio example and run its bundled model.",
          "Compare the output channels with the numerical checks; change one input and run again."
        ],
        "example": "Use the defaults below with Cell voltages = [3.95, 4, 3.96] V, Enable = 1 true / false. At 0 s, Bleed switches is [0, 1, 0] true / false. Additional checks are listed below.",
        "observe": "Inspect the outputs and numerical checks on the block reference page.",
        "limits": "Connect the request to a physical balancing interface to load a conserving network. The synthetic resistor is not a hardware rating. The example verifies numerical behavior for synthetic parameters. Cell characterization and validation for an intended use are separate tasks.",
        "url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=block-battery-passive-balancer",
        "label": "Open Studio example",
        "evidence": [
          "docs/glossary/native-block-verification.json"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "reference:ti-bms",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "Getting Started with the BQ76925",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Getting Started with the BQ76925",
        "publisher": "Texas Instruments",
        "url": "https://www.ti.com/lit/an/slua619b/slua619b.pdf",
        "type": "Application report",
        "scope": "A concrete BMS analog front-end example: cell voltage, current, temperature measurement and MCU integration.",
        "year": 2019,
        "accessed": "2026-10-27"
      }
    }
  ]
}